Wellness Programs for Geriatrics

Exercise for cardiovascular, joint and bone health, as well as for improved balance, are central for seniors. The Administration on Aging also adds fall prevention, nutrition counseling and depression to its recommended programs. Addressing the total needs of the geriatric client is vital to reducing age-related health disorders and injuries, and can help seniors cope with depression, improve and preserve cognition -- and even prolong and improve life.

  1. Exercise Options

    • Wellness exercise programs can vary drastically from community based systems to programs provided in nursing homes. For seniors who are still very independent, a program might use water aerobics, gentle weight training and aerobic exercise to improve strength and increase activity. Those who are in wheelchairs or have poor balance can opt for seated range of motion exercises. Structured walking daily for those able to participate can help achieve long-term health benefits.

    Fall Prevention

    • Balance exercises such as Pilates and tai chi can be helpful in reducing the risk of falling. Along with walking and maintaining an active lifestyle, incorporating balance-focused exercises can have a dramatic effect. An article from the "American Journal of Chinese Medicine" from 2010 reviewed multiple studies performed in the early 21st century and determined that balance-focused activities such as tai chi offered more positive changes in balance than exercise alone. Attending a fall reduction and education class can also help seniors avoid falls.

    Nutrition

    • Nutrition is a vital component of healthful living at any age, with even greater impact as you age. Because of the increased incidence of cardiovascular problems, unhealthy cholesterol levels, diabetes and kidney disorders, among other things that accompany the aging population, diet becomes more important and can have a wide ranging affect on health. Controlling portions, reducing saturated fat and sodium and drinking enough water can improve health and reduce the risk of health complications.

    Depression and Pyschological Issues

    • Depression is common in the elderly population, particularly among those who have moved into a nursing home. Assessing risk for depression and associated substance abuse is essential to helping maintain wellness. A wellness program should provide both education on depression as well as screening and referrals as needed.