How to Train a Spade Bit Horse

Using a spade bit properly requires a great deal of patience, experience and skill. If you have a quick temper, jerky hands or little experience training, you should not use this piece of equipment. For a horse properly trained to carry the spade bit, communication between horse and rider is impressive; used incorrectly, the bit can seriously damage the horse's mouth. This bit should never be used to correct a problem or attempt to make up for a lack of training.

Things You'll Need

  • Hackamore
  • Bosal
  • Reins
  • Simple snaffle bit
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Instructions

    • 1

      Research the culture of the spade bit. Try to find experienced horsemen to speak with. There is an entire culture around this bit and those who choose to use it take great pride in learning the traditions that go with it. This research will also help you understand how the spade bit works, which is crucial to applying it properly. Unlike most bits we see today, which are "leverage" bits relying on pressure to cue the horse, the spade is a "signal" bit. It subtly accentuates communication between horse and rider.

    • 2

      Start your horse in a hackamore. Begin teaching it all the cues you expect it to respond to when carrying the spade. Your legs, seat, hands and voice are all employed to guide your horse. Learn at your horse's pace, not yours. Let your horse show you how it's most comfortable carrying itself. Do not try to force your horse into a position it's not comfortable in.

    • 3

      Refine your cues by adding a bosal under the bridle and using a two-rein method. This will utilize both direct and indirect cues to help the horse understand your commands. Practice all of your gaits as well as turning, stopping, and other movements. Your horse should work loosely and with suppleness. Tension could indicate discomfort or a lack of understanding.

    • 4

      If you are having a difficult time, you can add a simple snaffle to the bridle to help with the more advanced training techniques. Do not rely on the bit to train the horse, it is only there to help you communicate. Subtle hand movements will telegraph your message down the rein to your horse. If he is not responding, do not try to force the action; try a different way of delivering the message.

    • 5

      Try different spade bits to find one that your horse likes and that fits him well. There are many types and constructions; all with their benefits and drawbacks. Your horse's opinion in the most important. If you find your horse bracing against the spade, it should be a red flag that something is amiss. A well-fitted bit will be one that is easy for your horse to carry in its mouth. If you are sure of the fit, and your horse still exhibits resistance, go back to the hackamore or bosal and continue your training. Your horse isn't ready yet.