Proper Boat Rigging

Rigging, on a sailboat, is a term that refers to the mass of wires, cables and ropes that secure the mast and sails to each other and to the boat hull. There are two main types of rigging--the standing rigging, which refers to the wires connecting and supporting the mast to the hull, and the running rigging, which control the shape and direction of the sails. Proper boat rigging is essential to managing a safe and seaworthy vessel.

  1. Standing Rigging

    • The standing rig consists of cables--typically steel wire--that connect the hull to various points along the mast. A simple standing rig consists of a forestay and backstay, which run from the top of the mast to the bow and stern, and shrouds, which connect the top of the mast to the sides of the boat. Sometimes, a mast will have spreaders (short cross-poles affixed to the mast) to give extra space for the sails to clear the shrouds; the shrouds connect to the spreaders, or are redirected by them. Standing rigging keeps the mast vertical under the loads generated by wind pressure over the sails.

    Running Rigging

    • Running rigging consists of the moving parts. Each sail has a series of rope lines (called sheets) that run through blocks that allow sailors to adjust the position and shape of the sail. This movement is necessary to ensure that the sail is configured to take full advantage of changing wind conditions and directions.

    Maintenance

    • Standing rigging is intended to be durable over several years; many boat owners replace it once a decade or so, depending on sea time. Check the standing rigging often for signs of corrosion, especially around turnbuckles (steel clamps that adjust the tension on the cable), and make sure that connection plates are durable and do not show signs of structural weakness, like cracking around mounting plates.

      Running rigging is less durable. Ropes can chafe easily under heavy load, especially if they are run around corners or are not properly secured. Check sheets frequently for signs of fraying or chafing, and make sure that points of connection on the sail, like grommets, are in good repair and not tearing.