Altimeter for Hiking

An altimeter is a device that indicates altitude gained or lost. Altimeters are popular among hikers who want to keep track of their progress on a topographic map, take measurements to reduce problems of acclimatization, or simply know how high up they are. Although altimeters have but one sole function, they are often found in combination with other tools useful to hikers.

  1. Barometric Altimeters

    • Standard altimeters are purpose-specific barometers. A barometric altimeter does not measure elevation per se. Rather, measurements made by such altimeters are based on atmospheric pressure readings. As a hiker ascends, the altimeter is able to calculate the relative elevation changes via ambient barometric pressure changes.

    Barometric Altimeter Limitations

    • Barometric altimeters are surprisingly accurate under stable conditions. But when barometric pressure shifts due to prevalent weather conditions, it skews the altimeter's readings. A barometric altimeter must also be calibrated to the current altitude when it is activated, as it is only able to indicate relative changes in elevation and not actual elevation.

    GPS Altimeters

    • GPS units for hiking often provide highly accurate altimeter readings. Some GPS units make use of a built-in barometric altimeter. Others determine actual elevation electronically by triangulating signals from three different satellites. During a hike, elevation gain and loss can be measured as triangulation coordinates shift with a hiker's movement. A third category combines the two systems and calibrates actual elevation via triangulation when activated, and then continues to function as a barometric altimeter.

    GPS Altimeter Limitations

    • For all of their advantages, GPS altimeters also have drawbacks. A GPS unit draws more heavily on its power source, thus making it less than ideal for extended back country hiking. A GPS unit is also considerably larger and heftier than a standard altimeter.

    Summary

    • Before investing in an altimeter, it would be wise to consider your needs and priorities. For long-haul hikes in the back country, lightweight peak bagging, trail running, or for traditionalists who prefer their own navigation skills to modern technology, a standard altimeter would seem to be the best choice. For hikers who need very accurate readings and don't mind several extra ounces, or whose navigation skills aren't yet fully honed, GPS units best fit the bill.