The Difference Between a Shortbow & a Longbow

Several key differences exist between a short bow and a long bow. A short bow, for example, is often made in a recurve design where the ends of the bow curve back out, away from the archer. Long bows, on the other hand, are often one simple curve, or no curve at all, and are also much larger, as the name suggests.

  1. Design

    • The many differences between a short bow and a long bow originate in the design differences of the two bows. A short bow is, as the name suggests, much shorter than a long bow, which is often as tall as the archer. Long bows often only have a single, slight curve, whereas short bows often have a re-curve to deliver more power. The limbs of a longbow are usually more narrow and rounded than those of a short bow.

    Draw Weight

    • One of the most noticeable differences between a long bow and a short bow is only noticeable when using either bow, and it is the draw weight. Draw weight refers to the amount of strength it takes to draw the arrow back, and is usually an indication of how much power is transferred to the arrow. Draw weight is not the only factor involved in power, though. The recurve design feature of short bows, for instance, helps to increase power while keeping draw weight down.

    Distance

    • The larger size and larger draw weight of a long bow means it generally projects an arrow much farther than a short bow. Of course, as the distance becomes greater, accuracy lessens, and the applications of a long bow at great distances are limited. Short bows also become less accurate at greater distances, but the distance at which that happens is typically less than with a long bow.

    Applications

    • Due to these structural differences, there are some major differences in the common applications of short bows and long bows. Short bows, for instance, were commonly used from horseback, where their shorter size and lower draw weight meant they could be handled effectively from the back of a galloping horse. A long bow is unusable in that situation. Long bows, however, were far more effective weapons for a standing archer in medieval battles. A traditional medieval army fielding short bows against an army with long bows was at a distinct disadvantage.