How to Explore the Backcountry

The wilderness is a place of beauty, but also one of many dangers. It can provide an adventure, as well as an escape from daily stresses. When exploring the backcountry, caution and preparation are key. During your wilderness exploration, expect a few hurdles as you take in the wonders of nature. Depending on your destination, natural sights may include waterfalls, river gorges, flora, wildlife and rock formations.

Things You'll Need

  • Backcountry permit
  • Compass, map or GPS
  • First aid kit
  • Sun protection items, such as sunglasses and sunscreen
  • Extra clothing
  • Headlamp or flashlight
  • Waterproof matches, lighter or candles
  • Repair kit and tools
  • Food
  • Water
  • Emergency shelter or tent
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Instructions

    • 1

      Get a backcountry permit from the park service, if necessary. Most parks require a backcountry permit for campers including Shenandoah National Park in Virginia. Though backcountry permits are free of charge in Shenandoah National Park, an entrance fee is charged to all visitors. Fees vary depending on the season you decide to visit. Daily, weekly and annual passes are available. For your own safety, leave your itinerary with the park ranger or someone at home.

    • 2

      Pack the following essentials: navigation items, sun protection items, extra clothing, headlamp or flashlight, first-aid supplies, waterproof matches or lighter, repair kit and tools, food, water and emergency shelter.

    • 3

      Obtain the most current map of the area you want to explore. National Park Service recommends trail maps by the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club because they are updated regularly. Carry more than one type of navigation, including waterproof maps, GPS and compass.

    • 4

      Follow marked or designated trails, especially when leading to camping areas. Straying from designated trails may cause you to get lost. Know the rules and regulations of backcountry trails. Some parks prohibit off-trail hiking to protect plants and animals. Only make your own trail if you are skilled and prepared in off-trail navigation.

    • 5

      Allocate time for breaks, snacks, lunch, etc. especially for longer backcountry excursions. Resting, hydrating and nourishing your body is important to avoid fatigue, injuries and sickness.

    • 6

      Practice safety. If taking water from rivers, streams and lakes, boil it for at least one minute or use a purifier or purification tablets to avoid contracting any viral or bacterial diseases and infections. Bring a first-aid kit and other safety items. Ensure that you are knowledgeable and trained in wilderness first aid; emergency help may take longer to arrive to your location if a critical situation arises.

    • 7

      Observe wildlife. Learn the types of animals you may encounter in the area ahead of time. Bring a camera if you want to photograph scenery and animals. Practice caution and always observe from a distance. Backcountry explorers of the Shenandoah National Park can find over 200 bird species, more than 50 mammal species and 51 reptile and amphibian species. The national park's waters are also home to 30 fish species.

    • 8

      Visit the known features and landmarks when touring the backcountry. In Zion National Park, wilderness explorers frequent the Virgin River narrows. This river has carved a remarkable gorge in Zion Canyon; the gorge spans 16 miles in length and is up to 2,000 feet deep. The narrow sections are sometimes only 20- to 30-feet wide. Features include sandstone grottos, hanging gardens and natural springs.

    • 9

      Seek out new sights and discoveries. Guide books and maps are important for navigating the backcountry and finding remote attractions. Keep in mind that exploration is also about encountering the unexpected.