How to Treat Asthma Attacks in the Wilderness

Most people with asthma have had their first attack long before they enter the wilderness. Find out whether any of your wilderness buddies have asthma and how you can best assist them in the event of an attack.

Things You'll Need

  • EpiPens
  • Inhalers
Show More

Instructions

  1. Mild to Moderate Asthma Attacks

    • 1

      Know in advance what your companions are allergic to and where they keep their inhalers, epinephrine kits and allergy medications. Consider wearing a medic alert bracelet if you know you are susceptible to anaphylactic shock (a severe allergic reaction).

    • 2

      Learn to identify the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack: difficulty breathing (especially exhaling), wheezing, coughing, mucous in the cough, and rapid pulse and respiratory rate.

    • 3

      Remove the person from contact with the allergen if you suspect the allergen is something in the air or on the skin. Sometimes moving a few yards away is enough to help with recovery.

    • 4

      Keep the person calm and sitting upright.

    • 5

      Assist the person in using his or her inhaler. The medication should be inhaled deep into the lungs.

    • 6

      Coach the person to breathe steadily with pursed lips (puckered or "fish" lips), especially on the exhale. Breathe with the person, helping them focus on you.

    • 7

      Administer plenty of fluids. Inhaling steam may also be helpful.

    • 8

      Administer oxygen at altitude if available.

    Severe Asthma Attacks

    • 9

      Learn to identify the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis: difficulty breathing; wheezing; rash; itching; hives; swelling of the feet, hands, eyes or face; flushed skin; nausea; vomiting; abdominal pain; and rapid pulse.

    • 10

      Treat for anaphylaxis by using injectable epinephrine to open the airway (See "How to Treat Severe Allergic Reactions").

    • 11

      Evacuate immediately.