Types of Sword Blades

Swords have been used as weapons since approximately 1500 BC. Sword production flourished in the Middle Ages and Renaissance eras. Although they are now outdated as weapons of war, they remain objects of intrigue and are quite popular with collectors. Modern fencing has also played a large role in resurrecting interest in swords, and the fencing weapons used today are based on models used for centuries. Although some swords are known for their hilts, or handles, a blade makes a sword unique.

  1. Longswords

    • The name "longsword" is derived from the weapon's long handle and blade. (See Reference 1). Longswords with blades extending 40 to 48 inches were used by medieval knights. With two sharp edges, the longsword enabled knights to deliver stunning and deadly blows in battle.

    Broadswords

    • The broadsword originated in the 6th century, making it one of the earliest medieval weapons. (See Reference 2) The blade measures 30 to 45 inches with a width of two to three inches and a tapered edge. Like the longsword, the broadsword could deliver deadly blows. The baskethilt broadsword, famous for its intricate hilt, was used by Scottish warriors in the 16th through 18th centuries, and was nearly five feet long. (See Reference 2)

    Rapiers

    • The rapier is well known for its narrow blade and superior piercing ability. The rapier was originally intended for thrusting and slashing and its often elegant handle offered protection from an opponent's sharp, piercing blade. (See Reference 3)

    Sabres

    • The sabre is derived from the Oriental scimitar, and was introduced in the 18th century. (See Reference 4) The sabre's long blade is slightly curved at the edge, and was quickly adapted for use in military operations. In contemporary times, the sabre has become a popular blade in fencing.

    Samurai Swords

    • Samurai swords have been made even more legendary by the film industry. Director Quentin Tarantino's "Kill Bill" is a perfect example from popular culture. Japanese samurai swords were greatly influenced by Chinese blades known as "jian," which were made of iron and had a straight blade with two edges. Curved swords such as the katana were common by the 10th century. (See Reference 5)