How to Construct a Ramp

A ramp, or inclined plane, is one of the six most basic "simple machines." This is because a ramp allows heavy objects to be raised without the difficulty of lifting them. A ramp is also useful for rolling objects that would be difficult to carry up stairs. Constructing a ramp is easier than building stairs and can be just as good, provided that space is not a limitation.

Things You'll Need

  • 2x4s
  • 2x6s
  • 3/4-inch plywood
  • Nails
  • Circular saw
  • Hammer
  • Level
  • Measuring tape
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Instructions

    • 1

      Determine how high your ramp will need to be. This will determine how long your ramp must be, since there are limits to how steep a ramp can be. A wheelchair ramp, for instance, must be no steeper than 1-in-12. Any ramp will lose its usefulness if it is too steep.

    • 2

      Build a frame out of 2x4s for the high end of the ramp; use pressure-treated wood if the ramp will be exposed to the elements. The frame should be the height that you want the ramp to achieve, and whatever width you desire. Reinforce the wood framing by doubling the 2x4s on the top and bottom, and fill in some lumber if needed.

    • 3

      Attach a 2x6 to each side of your 2x4 frame at the top, pitched down to the ground. Attach the two short ends together with a piece of 2x4 the same width as your tall-end frame to create a rectangular box. Run a straight 2x4 between the short end on each side and the bottom of the tall-end frame. Add 2x4 supports where necessary between the tall end and short end.

    • 4

      Cut and install 2x4 supports at regular intervals between the two 2x6s, working from the tall end to the short end. Cut and fasten the 3/4-inch plywood to the top of the two 2x6s to create the inclined plane. Make sure the frame is square before attaching the plywood. Add 2x4 reinforcement where needed to ensure that your ramp remains solid and strong.