How to Build a Siberian Chum

The Siberian Chum is a traditional shelter style utilized by the semi-nomadic natives of Siberia. The Chum design is similar to the tepee with a conical shape and hide cover. The shelter is portable, spacious and heated by fire. The Chum construction utilizes localized resources in Siberia. Straight, narrow timber defines the walls and reindeer hide provides a durable cover. The materials may be altered for construction in different environments, but the overall design is difficult to change or improve.

Things You'll Need

  • 12 poles
  • Rope
  • Reindeer skins
  • Wood stove
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Instructions

    • 1

      Use an axe to chop 12 trees of even diameter. The typical tree is a lodge-pole that may be lifted by a single person, but has enough diameter to be durable and stiff.

    • 2

      Cut the trees to match in length. Traditional construction methods do not allow for exact measurements but a 12-foot length is adequate for each pole.

    • 3

      Tie the tops of three poles together with rope and several half hitch knots. Stand the poles and adjust the base to define the floor diameter and create a conical design. The poles will support themselves by leaning against each other.

    • 4

      Lean the additional poles against the three lashed poles to build the frame of the shelter. Adjust the base position of the poles to create even spacing.

    • 5

      Cover the exterior of the structure with reindeer skins or a canvas. Begin by sewing skins which match the dimensions of the lower half of the structure. Once the lower cover is built, it will last for several years. Drape skins over the top of the shelter and adjust the positioning to allow air flow. Close any gaps during periods of cold weather.

    • 6

      Place a wood stove inside of the shelter. Extend the stove pipe through the skins and burn wood to heat the interior space.