Boat Trailer Specifications

So you've made the plunge and purchased a boat. Now you need a way to get it to and from your nearest lake, river or harbor. A good trailer will make it easier to travel with and launch your boat so you can focus on fishing, wake-boarding or just enjoying a calm, sunny afternoon. Deciding on the right trailer depends primarily on the size of your boat and other specifications.

  1. Size and Weight Issues

    • Larger boats, as you might expect, will require larger trailers, and smaller boats will require smaller trailers. The most important thing to consider is the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). If the total weight of your boat, trailer and vehicle exceeds certain limits, you will not be allowed to legally transport the boat.

      Heavier boats will require longer and wider trailers to support them. For example, the typical 2,000-lb. boat will likely require a trailer area of approximately 125 square feet.

    Materials

    • Larger boats will require stronger materials. Smaller boats, particularly those with lower weight and volume, can be hauled using lightweight materials. Tubular box-frame trailers are generally considered the sturdiest for transporting speedboats and the like. For lighter dinghies and other single-engine boats, a trailer composed of aluminum of cheaper c-channel steel is acceptable.

    Tongues

    • The tongue is the part of the trailer that connects to the towing vehicle via the hitch. Given its positioning between the vehicle and the trailer, the weight of the tongue is of utmost importance. If the tongue is too heavy, your vehicle will sag. If the tongue is too light, the trailer will fishtail, endangering other drivers. Select a trailer with a tongue that will work with your GVWR. Detachable or "swing" tongues are also available if you need to store the trailer in a smaller space.

    Brakes

    • There are two basic types of trailer brakes: disc brakes and drum brakes. Both types work by applying friction to the rear axle and/or wheels of the trailer. Drum brakes are typically cheaper, but require more upkeep. Disc brakes are generally more efficient and last longer. Most trailer manufacturers use hydraulic or "surge" brakes that reduce wear and tear on the axle and wheels.

    Launch Style

    • Non-commercial boat trailers typically offer one of two launch styles: "roll-on" and "glide path". A roll-on trailer features a series of rollers that literally "roll" the boat off the trailer into the water. The glide path trailer requires deeper submersion to effectuate a launch, but also allows for easier "float on" re-loading.